Although underground structures and transportation relieve the congestion resulting from the rapid increase in population, drawbacks remain. Likewise, underground transportation helps a major city become a better place by reducing traffic congestion as well as the overall level of pollution. An underground structure, designed and built in the deep soil layer under the surface of earth, is a promising alternative to aboveground buildings for its resistance to severe weather, quiet living space, and energy efficiency due to the natural insulating properties of the surrounding earth. The soil layer’s nonlinear and irreversible behavior has attracted the interest of researchers for decades. Soil layers and rocks are complex, multi-phase, particulate, and discontinuous materials which cannot be described as a simple elastic model with fixed mechanical behavior. In addition, it has a great potential of recovering measurements even with significant data package loss. Results indicate the proposed low-cost wireless sensing system has the capability of collecting ground motions, transferring data, and sharing GPS information via satellite communication for large area monitoring. In this research, the feasibility of the proposed sensing system for the acquisition of seismic testing is investigated in an outdoor field surface wave testing. Acceleration and GPS information is decrypted by the ℓ 1-norm minimization optimization algorithm for further processing. Seismic data captured by the accelerometer sensor are coded into compressive data packages and then transferred via satellite communication to a cloud-based server for storage.
Meanwhile, a computational-core-embedded algorithm based on compressive sensing (CS) is also developed to compress data size for transmission and encrypt the measured data preventing information loss.
The emphasis of this paper is to implement in low-cost hardware without requirements of highly specialized and expensive data acquisition instruments.
WEIGHT OF MICROMATE AND GEOPHIONE PORTABLE
In this paper, a new wireless sensing system is designed consisting of a portable satellite device, a self-sustaining power source, a low-cost computational core, and a high-precision sensor. Although cable-based seismic sensing systems have provided reliable data in the past several decades, they become a bottleneck for large-area monitoring and critical environmental (volcanic eruptions) sensing because of their cost, difficulty in deploying and expanding, and lack of accurate three-dimensional geographic information.
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